AO, MI, AO+MI and cognitive performance

How does a combination of motor imagery and action observation (in comparison to motor imagery or action observation alone) affect cognitive performance? And how does this translate into motor performance?

Taeho Kim’s most recent work as part of his PhD project was just accepted, examining the impact of alternate action observation and motor imagery training on cognitive performance in working memory and skill performance (Kim, Frank, & Schack, accepted; see here):

“(…) alternate AO+MI training was particularly more effective than the other two trainings in terms of the development of mental representations and outcome of sequential motor skill. In addition, the relationship between changes in long-term memory and motor outcomes was significantly correlated in all AO+MI training schedules but was most strongly enhanced by alternate AO+MI training.”

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